Introduction of Steel Billet
The steel, which is made freshly and is still in the form of a rectangle or a metal bar, is referred to as a steel billet iranian .Steel has to be processed into more useful pieces first before its products get sold into the market. In its pure form, raw steel will not be of any use, so it must be cast into the shape.
Characteristics
Compared to already-processed steel bars and products, Steel billet have specific and definite features. Billets have a distinct grain structure. This allows the metal to be processed in an inextricable manner. Steel billets are also known for having high flexibility and elasticity, in particular when they are in temperatures varying during molding and shaping.
Process
Before being used for different purposes, Steel billets have to sustain a chain of production processes, whereas they are fresh raw materials. Billets are produced through freezing molten liquid and then exposed to intensely low temperatures in order for the metal to be shaped and strengthened in chemical formation. The physical specifications of the metal are manipulated by the temperature, which can increase its persistence and strength. The next processes will prepare the metal’s curved mold design in a way that it can adapted to the assigned space furnished by other machines, which finish the final procedures.
Casting
It is important for a iran steel billet to be cast because it affects the quality of the steel product once undergoes the final processing steps, including the billet’s flexibility and strength. Billets go through many tests prior to being sold. Billets are rejected when they develop cracks and spaces during the cooling and heating processes; defects make the products worthless per se.
Standards steel billet
ASTM’s steel standards are influential in classifying, grading, and defining the material, chemical, mechanical, and metallurgical specifications of the different types of steel.
The following are ceramland irann the standards of Steel Billet:
|
A314 – 19 |
Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Billets and Bars for Forging |
|
A484 / A484M – 19 |
Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings |
|
A604 / A604M – 07(2017) |
Standard Practice for Macroetch Testing of Consumable Electrode Remelted Steel Bars and Billets |
Most common Grades
St5sp
Chemical composition in % for grade St5sp
| C | Si | Mn | Ni | S | P | Cr | N | Cu | As |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.28 – 0.37 | 0.15 – 0.3 | 0.5 – 0.8 | max 0.3 | max 0.05 | max 0.04 | max 0.3 | max 0.008 | max 0.3 | max 0.08 |
Equivalent steels for grade St5sp
Size
Steel Billets are produced in different sizes according to the customers’ requirements. The most common sizes are:
| Cross-Section (mm) | Length (m) |
|---|---|
| 100 x 100 | 6 ~ 12 |
| 120 x 120 | 6 ~ 12 |
| 130 x 130 | 6 ~ 18 |
| 140 x 140 | 6 ~ 18 |
| 150 x 150 | 6 ~ 18 |
Steel Bloom
he range of semi-finished products above 155 mm x 155 mm are called blooms.
In the past, and in older steel mills, blooms were manufactured from an ingot. They were also called “bloomery iron”. However, they are produced by continuous casting process in modern mills.
Difference between Ingot, Billet, Bloom, and Slab
Ingot: usually rectangular in cross-section, weighs between 25 to 30 tons and is rolled into blooms, billets, and slabs.
Billet: has a round or square cross-section up to 155mm x 155mm.
Bloom: has square or rectangle cross section above 155 mm x 155 mm.
Slab: has a rectangular cross-section up to 3000 mm wide and 320 mm thick.
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